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We want to generate useful and usable tools and techniques that can help manufacturers control and reduce their environmental footprint while retaining their economic performance in their value chains. Understanding and controlling scope 3 emissions for many manufacturing companies is a technically challenging process due to the exponential number of variables that one has to account for, when making carbon footprint assessments for products and processes.

The tools, methods, technologies and practice gap is considerable for a company to accelerate required changes and there is likely an opportunity for advanced digital technologies to contribute to this effort. The development of data driven approaches further relies on the adoption potential and company readiness to use it. This observation likely opens an opportunity for social and behavioural sciences to enable transitions as such. Through this PhD opportunity researchers will take the opportunity to engage with companies in our network and beyond to better understand where the knowledge and practice gap is and from there to identify, design and develop appropriate interventions and experimentations.

Cranfield Manufacturing and Materials has been following the ambitious strategy of developing a roadmap for Sustainable Manufacturing and Materials Sectors for 2050 by applying fundamental science and thought leadership via conceiving and maturing the concepts of Smart, Clean and Green manufacturing solutions agnostically across all sectors and through all tiers of the supply chain and with SMEs as well as OEMs. This is to support the national aspiration of Net Zero UK by 2050.

Within the Theme there are a number of University and National activities for example:

• Cranfield is the lead University in the UKRI Transforming the Foundation Industries Research and Innovation Hub (TransFIRe) http://transfire-hub.org a £10 M activity launched in July 2021 to support the journey of the cement, ceramic, chemical, metal, glass and paper industries on their journey to net-zero.

The research objectives for the Manufacturing Theme are to:

• Build on the strong synergy between manufacturing, materials, design and management supporting the transition from product service systems (PSS) to through life engineering services as a contributor to high value manufacturing.
• Enhance our commitment to manufacturing and materials’ technologies (composites, graphene, thermal barrier coatings, welding and laser technology and other advanced materials) in the context of sustainable, resource-efficient manufacturing.

To meet these objectives, the main research strategies are:

• To enhance operations efficiency (smart) by researching the topics of business model innovation, resilient supply chains and reverse logistics, remanufacturing, cloud manufacturing, sustainability as part of manufacturing company key performance indicators (KPI), circular economy and de-centralised manufacturing.
• To enhance process efficiency (clean) by researching sensors and big data for factory management, product service systems, factory modelling and artificial intelligence for eco-efficiency, internet of things for traceability and authenticity, intelligent micro-factories and autonomous manufacturing systems.
• To enhance resource efficiency (green) by researching energy efficient manufacturing, development of materials production with low carbon footprint, closed loop materials, industrial symbiosis and circular economy, real-time life cycle analysis and advanced materials.

Research students at Cranfield benefit from being part of a dynamic, focused and professional study environment and all become valued members of the Cranfield Doctoral Network. This network brings together both research students and staff, providing a platform for our researchers to share ideas and collaborate in a multi-disciplinary environment. It aims to encourage an effective and vibrant research culture, founded upon the diversity of activities and knowledge. A tailored programme of seminars and events, alongside our Doctoral Researchers Core Development programme (transferable skills training), provide those studying a research degree with a wealth of social and networking opportunities.